Patologi Pertuturan

Orang selalu pelik bila nawal cakap nawal amek course patologi pertuturan? Ape benda alah tu? Haha. Kadang-kadang dalam hati ni malas nak explain tapi sebagai bakal speech path, saya tahu saya tak boleh buat macam tu. Sebabnya, menerangkan speech path kepada masyarakat merupakan salah satu tanggungjawab kami. Kalau dekat oversea (eg. australia), tak perlu nak terang pun orang dah tahu. Even dekat us pun, those yang nak pergi interview, akan seek speech path untuk membincangkan mengenai masalah mereka dalam komunikasi seperti gagap dan sengau. Lols.

Dekat malaysia ni, bidang ini masih baru tapi diperlukan. Pernah sekali saya pergi buat assignment child language development dekat tadika, penyelia tadika tu cakap dulu anak sedara dia menghadapi masalah pertuturan tapi masa tu susah sangat nak cari speech path ni. Yang ada pun dekat HKL je and bayaran sekali terapi rm 50. Baru sekali terapi dah mahal camtu. Dahla setiap kali nak kena ulang alik from penang to kl. Kena bayar duit minyak and tol lagi. Huhu. Penyelia tu cakap baguslah adik amek course ni. Belajar rajin-rajin. :) Sebenarnya, saya nak cerita serba sedikit mengenai speech path tapi post kali ni atas ehsan internet. Jadi, jom kenal speech path :)

Speech-language pathologists, sometimes called speech therapists, assess, diagnose, treat, and help to prevent disorders related to speech, language, cognitive-communication, voice, swallowing, and fluency.

Speech-language pathologists work with people who cannot produce speech sounds or cannot produce them clearly, those with speech rhythm and fluency problems, such as stuttering; people with voice disorders, such as inappropriate pitch or harsh voice; those with problems understanding and producing language; those who wish to improve their communication skills by modifying an accent; and those with cognitive communication impairments, such as attention, memory, and problem-solving disorders. They also work with people who have swallowing difficulties.

Speech, language, and swallowing difficulties can result from a variety of causes including stroke, brain injury or deterioration, developmental delays or disorders, learning disabilities, cerebral palsy, cleft palate, voice pathology, mental retardation, hearing loss, or emotional problems. Problems can be congenital, developmental, or acquired.

Speech-language pathologists use special instruments and qualitative and quantitative assessment methods, including standardized tests, to analyze and diagnose the nature and extent of impairments.

Speech-language pathologists develop an individualized plan of care, tailored to each patient's needs. For individuals with little or no speech capability, speech-language pathologists may select augmentative or alternative communication methods, including automated devices and sign language, and teach their use. They teach patients how to make sounds, improve their voices, or increase their oral or written language skills to communicate more effectively. They also teach individuals how to strengthen muscles or use compensatory strategies to swallow without choking or inhaling food or liquid. Speech-language pathologists help patients develop, or recover, reliable communication and swallowing skills so patients can fulfill their educational, vocational, and social roles.


Speech-language pathologists keep records on the initial evaluation, progress, and discharge of clients. This helps pinpoint problems, tracks client progress, and justifies the cost of treatment when applying for reimbursement. They counsel individuals and their families concerning communication disorders and how to cope with the stress and misunderstanding that often accompany them. They also work with family members to recognize and change behavior patterns that impede communication and treatment and show them communication-enhancing techniques to use at home.


Most speech-language pathologists provide direct clinical services to individuals with communication or swallowing disorders. In medical facilities, they may perform their job in conjunction with physicians, social workers, psychologists, and other therapists. Speech-language pathologists in schools collaborate with teachers, special educators, interpreters, other school personnel, and parents to develop and implement individual or group programs, provide counseling, and support classroom activities.


Some speech-language pathologists conduct research on how people communicate. Others design and develop equipment or techniques for diagnosing and treating speech problems.

Speech-language pathologists usually work at a desk or table in clean comfortable surroundings. In medical settings, they may work at the patient's bedside and assist in positioning the patient. In schools, they may work with students in an office or classroom. Some work in the client's home.
Although the work is not physically demanding, it requires attention to detail and intense concentration. The emotional needs of clients and their families may be demanding. Most full-time speech-language pathologists work 40 hours per week. Those who work on a contract basis may spend a substantial amount of time traveling between facilities.

resource:
http://www.bls.gov/oco/ocos099.htm

additional information:
http://kidshealth.org/parent/system/ill/speech_therapy.html

Huhu. Panjang lebarkan ceritanya? Dekat uni, kitaorang belajar psychology, linguistik, anatomy and physiology (head till neck), clinical skills and banyak lagi. Kitaorang ada adik beradik tiri. Mereka ialah audiologist. Mostly patient kitaorang kanak-kanak. Jarang orang dewasa. Kalau korang datang melawat fakulti sains kesihatan, kampus kesihatan USM Kelantan, korang datanglah jenguk-jenguk klinik pertuturan ;) Klinik ni takdelah besar mane tapi kat sinilah terapi dijalankan. Dekat usm, mereka yang ambil speech path ni tak ramai. Batch nawal sendiri ada 10 orang je and buat masa ni, hanya ada 2 uni saja yang menyediakan kursus ini (UKM dan USM).

Ape-apepun, tak kiralah kita ambil kursus ape sekalipun, yang penting belajarlah bersungguh-sungguh :)

namosha: mood saya: sedih. sekian~~